Cusco, Peru
Dry season · Americas
01Why go
Cusco is the historic heart of the Inca Empire and the gateway to Machu Picchu, but it offers far more than a transit stop. The city itself is a living museum, where colonial churches sit atop Inca stone foundations and narrow cobblestone streets wind through neighborhoods like San Blas, known for its artisan workshops. At 3,400 meters, the altitude is a constant companion, but the rewards are immense: you can explore the Sacred Valley, trek the Inca Trail, or simply wander the Plaza de Armas and feel the blend of Andean and Spanish cultures. Cusco is also a culinary destination, with innovative restaurants serving Peruvian classics like ceviche and lomo saltado, alongside traditional dishes such as cuy (guinea pig) and alpaca steak. The city's markets, like San Pedro, overflow with colorful textiles, fresh produce, and local cheeses. Whether you're a history buff, a foodie, or an adventurer, Cusco delivers an unforgettable experience that lingers long after you leave.
02Where to stay
Most visitors base themselves in the historic center, where you can walk to major sights. The Plaza de Armas area is convenient but can be noisy; consider streets like Calle Plateros or Suecia for a quieter stay. San Blas, just uphill, is a bohemian enclave with boutique hotels and guesthouses, though the steep streets may challenge you at altitude. For a more local feel, try the San Pedro or Magisterio districts, which are still central and offer better value. If you're heading to Machu Picchu, staying near the train station in Poroy or Ollantaytambo is an option, but most prefer to return to Cusco. Accommodations range from budget hostels to luxury hotels in restored colonial mansions. Always check if your room has heating, as nights can be cold, and confirm oxygen availability if you're worried about altitude sickness. Book ahead during peak season (June to August) and around Inti Raymi in June.
03Getting around
Cusco's historic center is compact and best explored on foot, but be prepared for steep hills and uneven cobblestones. Taxis are plentiful and inexpensive; agree on the fare before you get in, as meters are rarely used. For short hops, mototaxis (three-wheeled covered motorcycles) are common in outer districts. Public buses, called combis, run frequently but can be crowded and confusing for visitors; they're useful for reaching places like the San Pedro Market or the bus terminal. To visit the Sacred Valley, you can take a colectivo (shared van) from Avenida Grau or hire a private driver. The train to Machu Picchu departs from Poroy (20 minutes from Cusco) or Ollantaytambo; book tickets well in advance. Ride-hailing apps like Uber operate in Cusco, but availability can vary. If you're trekking, tour operators usually provide transport. Remember that altitude can make walking more tiring than usual, so pace yourself and use taxis when needed.
04What to see and do
Start with the Plaza de Armas, flanked by the Cusco Cathedral and the Church of La Compañía. Nearby, the Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun) showcases Inca masonry beneath a colonial convent. Wander the San Blas neighborhood for artisan shops and the small but impressive San Blas Temple. The San Pedro Market is a sensory overload of local produce, textiles, and food stalls. For Inca history, visit Sacsayhuamán, Q'enqo, and Tambomachay, all within a short drive or hike from the center. The Sacred Valley offers Pisac's ruins and market, Ollantaytambo's fortress, and the salt pans of Maras. Of course, Machu Picchu is the main draw; book tickets and trains months ahead. Adventure activities include Rainbow Mountain, Humantay Lake, and zip-lining in the Sacred Valley. Don't miss the chance to try chicha morada (purple corn drink) or a pisco sour at a local bar. Many museums, like the Museo de Arte Precolombino, provide context for the region's rich past.
05Where to eat
Cusco's food scene blends traditional Andean ingredients with Spanish and international influences. For a splurge, try innovative restaurants in the historic center that offer tasting menus featuring local products like quinoa, tarwi, and native potatoes. Mid-range options include family-run tascas serving hearty set lunches (menú del día) with soup, main, and dessert. Don't miss classic dishes: ceviche (fresh fish cured in lime), lomo saltado (stir-fried beef with onions and tomatoes), ají de gallina (creamy chicken stew), and rocoto relleno (stuffed spicy pepper). For a truly local experience, head to the San Pedro Market or the neighborhood of San Blas for inexpensive eats like choclo con queso (corn with cheese) or tamales. Vegetarians will find options, especially in San Blas, with many restaurants offering quinoa salads and vegetable-based soups. Street food like anticuchos (skewered beef heart) is popular in the evenings. Be cautious with raw vegetables and tap water; stick to bottled water and cooked foods. And definitely try the local chocolate, made from Cusco's cacao.
06When to visit
The best time to visit Cusco is during the dry season, from May to September, when days are sunny and nights are cold. This is also peak tourist season, so expect crowds and higher prices, especially in June, July, and August. The rainy season runs from November to March, bringing afternoon showers and greener landscapes, but also muddy trails and occasional flight delays. Shoulder months, April and October, offer a good balance of weather and fewer crowds. June is particularly busy due to Inti Raymi, the Festival of the Sun, a spectacular Inca reenactment held on June 24. If you plan to trek the Inca Trail, note that it's closed in February for maintenance. Altitude sickness can affect anyone regardless of season, so acclimatize slowly. Pack layers, as temperatures can swing from warm afternoons to near-freezing nights. Sun protection is essential year-round due to the high altitude.
07Frequently asked questions
How do I prevent altitude sickness? Cusco sits at 3,400 meters, so take it easy on your first day. Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol, and consider coca tea or medication like acetazolamide (consult your doctor). If symptoms like headache or nausea persist, descend to a lower altitude. Is Cusco safe? Like any city, use common sense: keep valuables secure, avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas, and use licensed taxis. The historic center is generally well-patrolled. Do I need to book Machu Picchu in advance? Yes, tickets and train seats sell out weeks or months ahead, especially in peak season. Book through official channels and consider hiring a guide for context. Can I visit the Sacred Valley on my own? Yes, public transport and colectivos connect major towns, but a tour or private driver offers more flexibility. Finally, remember that Cusco is a high-altitude city, so allow time to acclimatize before tackling strenuous activities.